Pain during sex, also known as dyspareunia, is more common than many women realise. Studies suggest that up to 1 in 5 women experience painful intercourse at some point in their lives, and it is especially frequent after childbirth, perineal trauma, or during breastfeeding.

But here’s the most important message: sex should not hurt. Pain is a sign that your body needs care and support, not something to push through or ignore.

What Is Dyspareunia?

Dyspareunia is defined as persistent or recurrent pain with sexual activity. The pain may be:

Superficial (at the entrance of the vagina)
Deep (felt inside during penetration)
Burning, stinging, or tearing in nature
Linked to certain positions or constant regardless of activity

Common Causes of Dyspareunia

Postpartum changes: Perineal tears, episiotomy scars, or C-section tension can all impact comfort.
Pelvic floor dysfunction: Muscles may be too tight, overactive, or painful.
Hormonal changes: Low estrogen, especially while breastfeeding or in perimenopause, causes dryness and fragility.
Medical conditions: Endometriosis, infections, or skin conditions.
Emotional factors: Fear of pain, anxiety, or past trauma may increase muscle guarding and worsen symptoms.

What’s Normal and What’s Not

Normal: Temporary tenderness after childbirth or surgery, improving gradually.
Not normal: Ongoing pain, burning, or tearing sensations that limit intimacy and cause distress.

👉 You deserve pain-free intimacy.

What You Can Do

1. Seek Professional Support

A women’s health physiotherapist can:

Assess pelvic floor muscle tone and relaxation
Teach breathing and release techniques
Guide scar massage and desensitisation
Introduce vaginal dilators if needed

2. Lubrication & Moisturising

Use high-quality, water-based lubricants. Vaginal moisturisers or local estrogen (if prescribed) can help with dryness linked to hormones.

3. Scar and Pelvic Floor Care

Gentle scar massage (C-section, episiotomy, or tear) and pelvic floor therapy reduce pain and improve flexibility.

4. Emotional Wellbeing

Communicate openly with your partner, progress gradually, and focus on non-penetrative intimacy until you feel safe and comfortable. Counselling or sex therapy may also help.

Dyspareunia is common but it is not normal and should not be ignored. With the right care, most women can overcome pain and enjoy intimacy again. A combination of physiotherapy, medical support, and self-care can restore confidence and comfort.

✨ Experiencing painful sex? Book a consultation with our women’s health physiotherapists at Renard Clinic for compassionate, evidence-based care.